Proscar

Proscar Medication Overview

Proscar, generically known as finasteride, is a medication primarily prescribed to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men with an enlarged prostate. It functions by decreasing the amount of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the body, leading to shrinkage of the enlarged prostate in many men.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Proscar is available as 5 mg oral tablets. It is important not to handle crushed or broken tablets if pregnant or potentially pregnant due to the risk of absorption and subsequent potential risk to a male fetus.

Indications For Use

Proscar is indicated for use in the treatment of symptomatic BPH in men with an enlarged prostate to improve symptoms, reduce the risk of acute urinary retention, and reduce the risk of the need for BPH-related surgery.

Administration Guidelines

Proscar should be administered as a single 5 mg tablet once daily, with or without food. Tablets should be taken whole and should not be split, crushed, or chewed.

Pharmacological Mechanism

Finasteride, the active ingredient in Proscar, inhibits the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, which is responsible for converting testosterone to DHT. By lowering DHT levels, finasteride causes shrinkage of the enlarged prostate gland.

Drug Interactions

Proscar may interact with other drugs, including but not limited to, certain blood pressure medications and blood thinners. Patients should disclose all medications, over-the-counter products, and herbal supplements they are taking when discussing Proscar with healthcare providers.

Use in Specific Populations

Proscar is not indicated for use in women, especially those who are or may become pregnant, or children. Men with liver dysfunction should use Proscar with caution as the medication is metabolically processed in the liver.

Adjustments in Renal Impairment

No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with renal impairment as finasteride is metabolically cleared primarily through the liver.

Monitoring Parameters

Patients should undergo regular monitoring for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels since finasteride can affect PSA test results. Digital rectal exame should also be periodically performed to monitor the condition of the prostate.

Potential Side Effects

Proscar can cause side effects including, but not limited to, decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory disorders, and breast tenderness or enlargement. Some side effects may decrease with continued use over time.

Handling and Storage

Store Proscar at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C). Keep the bottle tightly closed and out of reach of children. Avoid exposure to moisture and direct light.

Overdosage Management

In the event of overdosage, supportive care should be administered as necessary. Finasteride has been administered in doses up to 80 mg daily for three months without significant side effects, but dosages above the therapeutic range should still be avoided.

Missed Dose Protocol

If a dose of Proscar is missed, take it as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses to catch up.

Discontinuation of Therapy

If therapy with Proscar is discontinued, a gradual reversal of therapeutic effect is to be expected over the following 6 to 12 months. Discussion with a healthcare provider is recommended when considering stopping treatment.

Pregnancy Considerations

Women who are pregnant or potentially pregnant should not handle Proscar tablets due to the possibility of absorption of finasteride and the subsequent potential risk to a male fetus.

Lactation Considerations

It is not known whether finasteride is excreted in human milk. Proscar is not indicated for use in women.

Patient Counseling Information

Patients should be informed about the potential for side effects, the need for consistent medication use, and the possibility of complications such as high-grade prostate cancer with the use of Proscar. Patients are also advised to inform healthcare providers of any other medical conditions and allergies.