Flonase

Flonase: General Information

Flonase (fluticasone propionate) is an intranasal corticosteroid used for the management of both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and itchy or watery eyes. It may also be prescribed for nonallergic rhinitis and to reduce nasal polyps.

Pharmacological Profile

Fluticasone propionate, the active ingredient of Flonase, is a synthetic trifluorinated corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory activity. Upon intranasal administration, it exerts local effects by binding to glucocorticoid receptors, reducing the inflammatory response in the nasal airways.

Dosing Information

For adults and children 12 years of age and older, the recommended starting dose is two sprays in each nostril once daily. Once adequate control is achieved, the dose may be decreased to one spray in each nostril once daily. For children 4 to 11 years old, the recommended dose is one spray in each nostril once daily. The maximum total daily dose should not exceed two sprays in each nostril.

Administration Guidelines

Shake the Flonase bottle gently before each use. Prime the pump by spraying it into the air until a fine mist appears. Tilt the head forward slightly, and insert the nozzle into one nostril, closing the other with a finger. Actuate the pump while inhaling through the nose. Breathe out through the mouth. Repeat in the other nostril. Wipe the nozzle clean and replace the cap after use.

Missed Dose Protocol

If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. In this case, skip the missed dose altogether, and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double-dose to catch up.

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

Common side effects of Flonase include nasal irritation and burning, bleeding or sores in the nose, throat irritation, headache, nausea, and cough. Reporting of adverse events should be directed to a healthcare provider. Use of intranasal corticosteroids may be linked to an increased risk of glaucoma and cataracts; therefore, regular eye examinations should be considered during prolonged therapy.

Drug Interactions Awareness

Concomitant use of Flonase with strong cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors such as ritonavir or ketoconazole may increase the plasma levels of fluticasone propionate, potentially leading to increased risk of systemic corticosteroid effects. Adjustments in Flonase dosing or greater monitoring may be required if used concurrently with these inhibitors.

Special Patient Populations

Patients with hepatic impairment may have an increased risk of systemic effects due to reduced drug clearance. Cautious use and potential dose adjustments should be considered. Similarly, pediatric patients may be at an increased risk for systemic effects and warrant closer monitoring. Safety and efficacy in children younger than four years old have not been established.

Handling and Storage

Flonase should be stored upright at room temperature, away from light and moisture. It should not be subjected to high temperatures or direct sunlight. After the indicated number of sprays, remaining product should not be used, as the amount of medication in each spray may not be consistent.

Medication Disposal

Expired or unused Flonase should be disposed of according to local regulations. It should not be poured down the drain or thrown into the trash. Consumers are encouraged to take advantage of take-back programs or consult a pharmacist for proper disposal methods.

Pharmaceutical Manufacturer

Flonase is manufactured and distributed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Each Flonase product comes with precise instructions from the manufacturer regarding usage, dosage, and maintenance. Always refer to the product leaflet for detailed manufacturer guidelines.

Formulation Variants

Flonase is available in two formulations: Flonase Allergy Relief and Flonase Sensimist. Flonase Allergy Relief is formulated for those 4 years of age and older, while Flonase Sensimist is a gentler mist option suitable for children 2 years and older and provides a sensory experience with a reduced-volume spray.